ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the clinical manifestations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) patients with initial-stage cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis (CMVR).Methods:Retrospective case series study. From July 2017 to November 2019, 21 patients with 22 eyes of AIDS combined with CMVR in the initial stage of AIDS and CMVR diagnosed in the eye examination in the study. Among them, there were 19 males with 19 eyes and 2 females with 3 eyes; the average age was 34.3±9.6 years. The average CD4 + T lymphocyte count of patients was 26.1±23.2/μl. Routine fundus screening revealed 17 cases, and the contralateral eye disease was found in 4 cases. There were 13 cases of CMVR in both eyes (61.9%, 13/21). Among them, both eyes were in the initial stage of CMVR, and the contralateral eyes were in the early stage of CMVR in 12 cases. The contralateral eye included 2 cases of human immunodeficiency virus-related retinal microangiopathy, 1 case of optic disc edema, and 5 cases of no obvious abnormality on fundus examination. All patients underwent slit lamp microscopy and ultra-wide-angle fundus photography examination. At the same time, 18 eyes underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT). Blood CMV-DNA detection was performed in 17 cases within 1 week before the first diagnosis; aqueous CMV-DNA detection was performed in 7 eyes within 1 week after the first diagnosis. Within 1 week after the fundus examination, 8 eyes of 8 cases and 8 eyes of 7 cases were received and not received systemic anti-CMV treatment; the treatment status was unknown in 6 cases and 6 eyes. After treatment, 18 eyes of 17 cases were followed up. The follow-up time was 0.5-28 months. Results:There were no obvious abnormalities in the anterior segment examination of all the affected eyes; the vitreous body was transparent. The fundus lesions were less than 1 optic disc diameter (DD), and they were white granular, clustered, with blurred edges. Among them, there were granular satellite lesions around the lesion in 18 eyes (81.8%, 18/22). The lesions were located in 19 eyes (86.4%, 19/22) in zone 2, 1 eye in zone 1 and 2 (4.5%, 1/22), and 2 eyes in zone 3 (9.1%, 2/22). In 18 eyes that underwent OCT examination, 12 eyes failed to obtain image data because the lesion was not in the conventional scanning range; the other 6 eyes showed the inner or full retina thickened or atrophy depression, structural destruction, accompanied by local vitreous punctate strong reflection. Among the 17 patients who underwent blood CMV-DNA testing, 1 (5.9%, 1/17) and 16 (94.1%, 16/17) cases were CMV-DNA negative and positive, respectively. The 7 eyes that underwent the CMV-DNA test of aqueous humor were all negative. Among the 18 eyes who were followed up, the lesions did not expand, and gradually subsided and absorbed in 4 eyes (22.2%, 4/18); the varying degrees of lesion enlargement in 14 eyes (77.8%, 14/18).Conclusion:The patients with AIDS and CMVR at the initial stage have no obvious ocular symptoms; the fundus shows white granular lesions less than 1 DD with blurred edges.
ABSTRACT
Resumen El voleibol de playa cubano, en la actualidad, aún no cuenta con su programa integral de preparación del deportista, por lo que los entrenadores han adaptado las formas de evaluación del voleibol, al voleibol de playa, sin tomar en consideración las diferencias entre ambas modalidades. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo establecer una prueba para evaluar el desarrollo técnico-táctico alcanzado por los jugadores de voleibol de playa de iniciación, dando así respuesta a una de las demandas tecnológicas actuales de la Federación cubana de voleibol. Se utilizaron métodos de investigación teóricos (análisis síntesis, inductivo-deductivo y documental), empíricos (entrevistas). Se realizaron talleres metodológicos con entrenadores de voleibol de playa, lo cual permitió el diseño de la prueba, su conformación y, posteriormente, su valoración mediante criterios de especialistas. Se concibe una prueba que tiene en cuenta las características que identifican el juego de voleibol de playa. Los especialistas consultados consideran adecuada la prueba elaborada, a partir de su pertinencia, los parámetros de calidad formal y utilidad práctica que la misma posee. Los resultados obtenidos del diseño y estructuración permitieron concluir que la esencia de este resultado permite evaluar el desarrollo técnico-táctico alcanzado por los jugadores de este deporte en la iniciación, a partir de la indisoluble vinculación entre técnica y táctica.
Abstract Cuban beach volleyball currently does not yet have its Integral Athlete Preparation Program, so the coaches have adapted the evaluation forms of Volleyball to Beach Volleyball without taking into account the differences between both modalities. The objective of the present research is to establish a test to evaluate the technical-tactical development achieved by beach volleyball players, thus responding to one of the current technological demands of the Cuban Volleyball Federation. Theoretical research methods (synthesis, inductive-deductive and documentary analysis) and empirical (interviews) were used. Methodological workshops were carried out with beach volleyball trainers, which allowed the design of the test, its conformation and, later, its evaluation through specialist criteria. A test that takes into account the characteristics that identify the beach volleyball game is conceived. The specialists consulted consider that the test developed is adequate, on the basis of its relevance, the parameters of formal quality and practical usefulness that it possesses. The results obtained from the design and structuring allowed to conclude that the essence of this result permits to evaluate the technical-tactical development reached by the players of this sport in the initiation, from the indissoluble link between technique and tactics.
ABSTRACT
We reported that Interferon (IFN) induces the analogous state of the initial stage of Yang disease with ectodermal symptoms (tai yang bing). Flu-like symptoms from IFN treatment were reduced or disappeared with Mao-to and Dai-seiryu-to. We consider that flu-like symptoms induced by IFN can be a symptomatic model of hyper-functioning condition of tai yang bing. Pulse of sinking and deficiency was seen in all five patients with the symptoms of having caught a chill. These results suggest that there is the possibility that pulse of sinking and deficiency is seen in the very early stage of tai yang bing.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To identify the influence of personality characteristics on adult patients' satisfaction after initial orthodontic treatment and offer references to rise quality of orthodontic treatment.Methods:85 patients(34 males and 51 females;average age 23.3years?4.4years who treated their teeth by fixed orthodontics were included in the study.Satisfaction questionnaire was used to assess the satisfaction with the dentition in the study sample.The NEO Five Factor inventory was used to assess personality profiles and traits in the study samples.Comparisons between groups were made by using Logarithm of likelihood ratio test.Results:This test provides a comprehensive assessment of personality according to the five major domains namely Neuroticism,Extroversion,Openness,Agreeableness and Conscientiousness.Satisfaction of higher neuroticism scores is relative low(P0.05).Conclusion:Different personality traits were found to be correlated with adult patients' satisfaction with their dentition during initial orthodontic treatment.The orthodontists should pay more attention to higher neuroticism scores adult patients during treatment.In according to strengthen the communication between the orthodontists and outpatients,the therapeutic effect of adult orthodontic treatment could be increased.